普京可能访布达佩斯与特朗普峰会引发法律和后勤挑战
仅事实

普京可能访布达佩斯与特朗普峰会引发法律和后勤挑战

摘要

俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京预计将访问布达佩斯,与美国总统唐纳德·特朗普举行峰会,但由于欧盟领空限制和国际刑事法院逮捕令,此行面临法律和后勤方面的挑战。

俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京预计将在未来几周内于布达佩斯会见美国总统唐纳德·特朗普,讨论乌克兰持续的冲突。这次访问带来了若干法律和后勤难题,尤其涉及航空旅行和国际法律义务。

自2022年全面入侵乌克兰以来,欧盟对俄罗斯飞机进入其领空实施了全面禁令。普京的总统专机——一架改装的伊尔-96,被称为“飞行克里姆林宫”,若要飞往匈牙利,需获得欧盟成员国的特别许可以穿越其领空。克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫承认存在不确定性,他表示:“目前当然还不清楚。我们所知道的是两国总统都有意愿举行这样的会晤。”

匈牙利作为一个内陆的欧盟和北约成员国,与乌克兰、波兰、罗马尼亚和塞尔维亚等多个国家接壤。鉴于当前的地缘政治紧张局势,最可行的飞行路线可能是经土耳其,然后飞越保加利亚和塞尔维亚进入匈牙利。这条路线需要获得这些国家的飞越许可,其中一些国家是欧盟和北约成员。

情况更加复杂的是,国际刑事法院(ICC)已对普京发出逮捕令,指控其涉及乌克兰儿童的强制遣送。作为ICC的签署国,匈牙利有义务逮捕受此类逮捕令约束的个人。然而,匈牙利总理维克多·欧尔班已表示计划退出ICC,该过程仍在进行中。欧尔班表达了促成峰会的承诺,他说:“我们当然会确保他能够进入匈牙利,在这里举行成功的会谈,然后返回祖国。”

欧盟委员会表示支持任何推动乌克兰公正持久和平的会晤。一位发言人指出:“任何推动乌克兰公正持久和平的会晤都是受欢迎的,我们支持特朗普总统为此所做的努力。”

即将举行的峰会凸显了国际外交、法律义务和地缘政治战略的复杂交织,世界领导人正努力应对乌克兰的长期冲突。

来源

BBC

事实核查

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Since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the European Union has imposed a blanket ban on Russian aircraft entering its airspace.

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On 25 February, the UK announced the closure of its airspace to Russian airlines.

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On 27 February, the EU and Canada closed their airspace to all Russian aircraft, including both commercial and private aircraft.

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Russia issued a reciprocal ban, forcing many airlines to reroute or cancel flights to Asian destinations.

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On 8 March, Aeroflot suspended all its remaining flights to international destinations (except for Minsk, Belarus) due to airspace restrictions and to counter the 'risk' of aircraft being repossessed by lessors.

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On 9 March, to avoid Russian airspace, Finnair started routing its flights to Asia over the North Pole, the first time a polar route has been used for commercial flights in nearly 30 years.

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An analysis of routes between Europe and Asia showed increased travel distances of between 1200 and 4000km; the frequency of flights to some destinations has been reduced and other routes have been dropped.

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By 29 March 2022, numerous countries and territories had completely closed their airspace to all Russian airlines and Russian-registered private jets.

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In addition to airspace closure under sanctions, on 11 April EASA blacklisted 21 Russian airlines on safety grounds, given that aircraft are being operated without airworthiness certificates, in breach of the Chicago Convention and international safety standards.

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