最高法院将审理特朗普关于出生公民权的行政命令
仅事实

最高法院将审理特朗普关于出生公民权的行政命令

摘要

最高法院已同意审理特朗普总统限制出生公民权的行政命令,此前该命令遭到下级法院的禁令阻止。

最高法院已同意审理特朗普总统旨在限制美国出生公民权的行政命令。此决定是在一系列法律挑战和下级法院发布全国性禁令之后作出的。

2025年1月,特朗普总统签署了一项行政命令,旨在限制出生公民权——这一权利被载入美国宪法第十四修正案。该命令将拒绝给予在美国出生且父母非法居留或持临时签证的儿童公民身份。此举立即引发多个州和民权组织的法律挑战,认为该命令违反宪法权利。

华盛顿、马里兰和马萨诸塞州的联邦法官发布了全国性禁令,阻止该行政命令的执行。西雅图的联邦地区法官约翰·考格诺尔称该命令“公然违宪”,并暂时限制其实施。同样,马里兰的联邦地区法官黛博拉·博德曼和马萨诸塞的联邦地区法官利奥·索罗金也发布了阻止执行该命令的命令,等待法律程序继续进行。

司法部对这些禁令提出上诉,辩称个别法官无权发布全国性禁令,且该行政命令是对第十四修正案的合法解释。代理副检察长莎拉·哈里斯主张,该修正案中的公民身份条款“并未普遍赋予所有在美国出生者公民身份”。

最高法院决定受理此案,将审查该行政命令的合法性以及下级法院发布全国性禁令的更广泛问题。此案结果可能对出生公民权的解释及美国司法权的范围产生重大影响。

随着法律斗争的推进,该行政命令尚未执行,出生公民权的现状得以维持。预计最高法院将在未来数月内作出裁决,这将对该国出生公民权的未来适用具有关键意义。

事实核查

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Confirmed

The Supreme Court has agreed to review President Donald Trump's executive order that seeks to limit birthright citizenship in the United States.

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In January 2025, President Trump signed an executive order aiming to restrict birthright citizenship, a right enshrined in the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

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Federal judges in Washington, Maryland, and Massachusetts issued nationwide injunctions blocking the enforcement of the executive order.

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U.S. District Judge John Coughenour in Seattle described the order as 'blatantly unconstitutional' and temporarily restrained its implementation.

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The Department of Justice appealed these injunctions, arguing that individual judges lack the authority to issue nationwide orders and that the executive order is a lawful interpretation of the 14th Amendment.

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Acting Solicitor General Sarah Harris contended that the amendment's citizenship clause 'does not extend citizenship universally to everyone born in the United States.'

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The Supreme Court's decision to hear the case will address the legality of the executive order and the broader issue of nationwide injunctions issued by lower courts.

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As the legal battle progresses, the executive order remains unenforced, and the status quo regarding birthright citizenship is maintained.

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