仅事实
特朗普因装修争议暗示可能解除美联储主席鲍威尔职务
摘要
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普暗示他可能寻求罢免美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔，理由是对耗资25亿美元的总部装修和涉嫌向国会作虚假陈述的担忧。法律专家表示，此举前所未有，可能引发漫长的法院诉讼。
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普加大了对美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔的批评，暗示他可能因中央银行华盛顿总部耗资25亿美元的装修及涉嫌管理不善而试图罢免鲍威尔。尽管特朗普上周表示他“极不可能”试图解雇鲍威尔，但他指出如果有欺诈证据，这种可能性仍然存在。
总统罢免美联储主席的权力有限。根据《联邦储备法》第10条，理事会成员只能因“正当理由”被罢免，这通常被解释为渎职、失职或效率低下，而非政策分歧。法律学者指出，目前尚不清楚这一权力是否涵盖罢免鲍威尔作为理事会主席及联邦公开市场委员会主席的领导职务。
宾夕法尼亚大学货币政策学者彼得·康蒂-布朗写道，法律对于总统是否可以将理事会主席降级为普通理事存在模糊之处，他表示：“其他总统曾认为他们没有这种权力，而且有充分理由相信他们是正确的。但我们确实不知道：法律上是不确定的。”
如果特朗普发出罢免命令，鲍威尔将有机会回应，尽管相关程序的时间表尚不明确。哥伦比亚法学院副教授莱夫·梅南德指出：“一个世纪以来没有总统因正当理由罢免程序，因此鲍威尔有多少时间进行申辩实在难以确定。”
如果鲍威尔对罢免提出异议，案件可能持续数月，甚至可能上诉至最高法院，可能延续至鲍威尔任期于2026年5月届满。在诉讼期间，如果法院发布禁令，鲍威尔将继续担任主席；否则，副主席菲利普·杰斐逊将代理其职责。鲍威尔将自行承担法律费用，因为他将是任何诉讼中的原告。
来源
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