特朗普政府向最高法院上诉,争议出生公民权令
仅事实

特朗普政府向最高法院上诉,争议出生公民权令

摘要

特朗普政府已向最高法院请愿,支持一项限制出生公民权的行政命令,挑战阻止该命令实施的下级法院裁决。

特朗普政府已向最高法院请愿,支持一项限制出生公民权的行政命令,主张在美国出生且父母非法或临时居留的儿童不应自动获得美国公民身份。此次上诉是在一系列下级法院裁决阻止该命令实施之后提出的。

该行政命令由总统唐纳德·特朗普于2025年1月20日签署,旨在重新解释第十四修正案中的公民权条款,该条款传统上赋予几乎所有在美国土地上出生的人公民身份。政府方面认为,该修正案并未普遍赋予所有在美出生者公民身份。

针对该行政命令,多州及民权组织提起了多起诉讼。华盛顿州、马里兰州和马萨诸塞州的联邦法官均发布了全国范围的禁令,阻止该命令生效。例如,西雅图联邦地区法官约翰·考格诺称该命令“公然违宪”,并暂时阻止其执行。

司法部辩称,这些全国性禁令超越了司法权力范围,削弱了行政部门执行政策的能力。代理副检察长莎拉·哈里斯表示,此类禁令“逾越了法院权力的宪法限制”,并敦促最高法院允许政府对未直接涉及诉讼的个人实施该命令。

行政命令的反对者坚持认为其违反了宪法第十四修正案。美国公民自由联盟律师科迪·沃夫西强调,该命令“非法,毫无疑问”,并誓言将继续努力阻止其执行。

最高法院是否受理此案的决定尚未公布,相关辩论可能在未来几个月进行。此案结果可能对美国出生公民权的解释产生重大影响。

来源

AP News

事实核查

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Confirmed

The Trump administration has petitioned the Supreme Court to uphold an executive order that restricts birthright citizenship.

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Confirmed

The executive order, signed by President Donald Trump on January 20, 2025, aims to reinterpret the 14th Amendment's Citizenship Clause.

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Partly Confirmed

Federal judges in Washington, Maryland, and Massachusetts have issued nationwide injunctions, preventing the order from taking effect.

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Confirmed

U.S. District Judge John Coughenour in Seattle described the order as 'blatantly unconstitutional' and temporarily blocked its enforcement.

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Unverified

Acting Solicitor General Sarah Harris stated that such injunctions 'transgress constitutional limits on courts' powers' and urged the Supreme Court to allow the administration to implement the order for individuals not directly involved in the lawsuits.

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Cody Wofsy, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, emphasized that the order is 'illegal, full stop,' and vowed to continue efforts to prevent its enforcement.

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The Supreme Court's decision on whether to hear the case is pending, with arguments potentially taking place in the coming months.

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