U.S. loses measles elimination status after 26 years

An independent commission of experts reporting to the director of the Pan American Health Organization has concluded that the United States no longer qualifies as having eliminated measles, a development confirmed by CNN on Friday. The panel’s assessment follows a year-long increase in measles cases, hospitalizations and deaths, with more than 5,400 cases reported in 2025, the highest annual total since 1991.

The committee defines endemic transmission as the continuous spread of the same viral strain within a country for at least one year. Genetic analysis of viruses from outbreaks in Utah, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and New York showed sustained circulation, including a Utah strain that accounted for over 95% of state cases between June 2025 and June 2026.

"Measles elimination is a vital sign for our public health system. It shows cracks in our foundation. Losing elimination status means that we are less prepared as a nation to address infectious and noninfectious disease challenges," said Dr. Demetre Daskalakis, former director of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases at the CDC.

Most of the recent cases occurred in individuals who were unvaccinated or whose vaccination status was unknown. Hospitalizations were reported in roughly one in nine cases, and state reports indicated at least ten deaths. Health officials emphasized that the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine remains highly effective, preventing infection in 97% of those who receive two doses.

Experts warned that the loss of elimination status could increase risk for vulnerable populations, including infants, immunocompromised patients and pregnant women. Dr. William Moss of Johns Hopkins noted that measles can erase immune memory, making individuals more susceptible to secondary infections.

The United States had maintained measles elimination status since 2000, relying on high vaccination coverage to limit outbreaks sparked by imported cases. Declining vaccination rates and expanding non-medical exemptions have contributed to the current resurgence. The Pan American Health Organization includes measles among the diseases targeted for elimination by 2030, and regaining status will require substantial efforts to restore vaccine confidence and coverage.