特朗普寻求最高法院批准在芝加哥部署国民警卫队
仅事实

特朗普寻求最高法院批准在芝加哥部署国民警卫队

摘要

特朗普总统已请求最高法院授权在芝加哥部署国民警卫队,此前下级法院裁定阻止了该行动。

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普已向美国最高法院申请允许在芝加哥部署国民警卫队部队,升级了联邦政府在国内执法中使用军事力量权限的法律争议。此请求是在一系列下级法院裁决暂时阻止此类部署之后提出的。

行政当局的上诉是在第七巡回上诉法院维持下级法院命令,阻止部署的决定之后提出的。法院理由是缺乏足够证据证明以“叛乱”为由使用军事力量的合理性。法院指出,“政治反对不是叛乱”,并认定“没有足够证据表明伊利诺伊州的抗议活动严重妨碍了联邦官员执行联邦移民法律的能力”。

在提交给最高法院的文件中,政府辩称下级法院的命令“错误地侵犯了总统的权力,并无谓地危及联邦人员和财产安全”。代理总检察长D·约翰·绍尔强调部署的必要性,称芝加哥的联邦官员“曾遭受威胁和袭击,遭遇了一场由多名袭击者精心策划的惊险伏击”。

法律争议的核心在于总统在国内部署国民警卫队的权限。政府援引1827年最高法院在Martin诉Mott案中的判决,该判决认为“决定紧急情况是否出现的权力专属于总统”。然而,反对者认为当前情况不符合部署标准,且政府的行为可能违反了第十修正案,该修正案保留了某些权力给各州。

最高法院已要求伊利诺伊州和芝加哥官员于周一晚上前提交回应,显示案件将被加速审理。此案结果可能对联邦与州政府在国内安全和执法事务中的权力平衡产生重大影响。

来源

CNN

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President Donald Trump has petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court to permit the deployment of National Guard troops in Chicago.

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The 7th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a lower court's order preventing the deployment, citing insufficient evidence to justify the use of military force under claims of 'rebellion.'

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Solicitor General D. John Sauer emphasized the necessity of the deployment, stating that federal officials in Chicago 'have been threatened and assaulted, attacked in a harrowing pre-planned ambush involving many assailants.'

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The administration has cited the 1827 Supreme Court decision in Martin v. Mott, which held that 'the authority to decide whether the exigency has arisen belongs exclusively to the president.'

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Opponents argue that the current situation does not meet the criteria for such deployments and that the administration's actions may violate the Tenth Amendment, which reserves certain powers to the states.

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The Supreme Court has requested responses from Illinois and Chicago officials by Monday evening, indicating an expedited consideration of the case.

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The outcome could have significant implications for the balance of power between federal and state authorities in matters of domestic security and law enforcement.

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