CDC and FDA investigate multistate Cyclospora outbreak linked to shredded lettuce
Health officials say a Cyclospora parasite outbreak has sickened about 18,000 people across 45 states, with shredded iceberg lettuce from a single supplier identified as a possible source in nine states.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have confirmed a multistate outbreak of cyclosporiasis, a diarrheal illness caused by the parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. As of late July, nearly 18,000 cases have been reported in 45 states, far exceeding the typical annual total of around 3,000. At least 423 patients have been hospitalized, though no deaths have been recorded.
Epidemiologists traced a cluster of cases in nine states to shredded iceberg lettuce served at Taco Bell restaurants. The lettuce, supplied by Taylor Fresh Foods, was sourced from central Mexico and has been voluntarily recalled. The recall covers 33 of 35 affected product packages distributed to food-service locations and two retail packages sold under a private label.
Michigan has reported the highest number of cases, with more than 10,000 infections and 160 hospitalizations. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and several other states have also seen significant case counts. The CDC notes that additional, unrelated outbreaks may be occurring simultaneously.
"We anticipate continuing to see cases increase, possibly through the end of August," said Gwen Biggerstaff, deputy director of the CDC’s Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases.
"There may be multiple unrelated outbreaks going on at the same time," said Donald Schaffner, professor of food microbiology at Rutgers University.
Experts explain that Cyclospora is transmitted through ingestion of food or water contaminated with fecal matter. The parasite can survive in soil or irrigation water and is often linked to fresh produce such as salad greens, cilantro, basil and berries. Symptoms include watery diarrhea, abdominal cramping, bloating, loss of appetite and fatigue, and can persist for weeks without treatment. The infection is typically treated with a combination antibiotic regimen.
Public health agencies advise consumers to avoid the recalled lettuce, to wash fresh produce thoroughly, and to cook foods to at least 158 °F (70 °C) when possible, as heat destroys the parasite. People with weakened immune systems are urged to consult healthcare providers for additional precautions.
The FDA continues to monitor the situation and may identify further implicated brands, restaurants or distribution channels as investigations proceed.