美国农场破产率因农作物价格低迷上升;政府考虑140亿美元救助方案
仅事实

美国农场破产率因农作物价格低迷上升;政府考虑140亿美元救助方案

摘要

由于农作物价格下跌和贸易紧张局势,美国农场破产率自2024年底以来几乎翻倍,促使特朗普政府考虑为受影响农民提供大规模救助。

根据明尼阿波利斯联邦储备银行的数据,美国农场破产案件显著增加,2025年第二季度共有93起申请,较第一季度的88起有所上升,且几乎是2024年底47起的两倍。这一增长与生产成本上升及农作物价格急剧下跌同时发生;自2022年以来,玉米价格下降了约50%,大豆价格则下降了约40%。

美中之间持续的贸易紧张局势加剧了这一状况。中国作为美国大豆的传统主要买家,已停止采购,令美国农民面临不确定的收获季节。联邦储备银行最近的调查显示,收入疲软减少了农民的流动资金,增加了融资需求。信贷状况也恶化,芝加哥和堪萨斯城联储辖区约30%的受访者报告还款率较去年下降;明尼阿波利斯联储辖区约为40%,圣路易斯联储辖区则达到50%。

针对这些挑战,特朗普政府正在考虑一项规模在100亿至140亿美元之间的救助计划,以支持受影响的农民。财政部长斯科特·贝森特宣布,财政支持的具体细节将于下周公布,旨在抵消贸易紧张局势,尤其是与中国相关的经济损失。贝森特批评中国的策略,暗示中国领导层正利用美国农民作为谈判筹码。他重申政府致力于支持这些在2024年总统选举中大力支持特朗普的农民。

然而,2025年10月1日午夜开始的联邦政府停摆已暂停对农民的支付和贷款服务,加剧了他们的经济困境。此次停摆源于共和党和民主党议员在预算资金上的政治僵局,导致农业部约85,907名员工中约一半被迫休假。食品检验和营养项目等基本服务仍在运行,但灾害援助、农场贷款和保护支付等关键业务已停止。

农业贸易团体一直呼吁政府提供援助,以提升美国农作物的需求。美国大豆协会表达了对大豆农民财务压力的担忧,指出价格持续下跌而投入和设备成本上升。他们强调,美国大豆农民无法承受与其最大客户之间长期的贸易争端。

来源

Fortune

事实核查

使用外部来源和数据库核实文章的事实。

!
Unverified

Farm bankruptcies in the United States have seen a significant increase, with 93 filings in the second quarter of 2025, up from 88 in the first quarter and nearly double the 47 reported at the end of 2024, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.

!
Partly Confirmed

Corn prices have dropped approximately 50% since 2022, while soybean prices have decreased by about 40%.

✓
Confirmed

China, traditionally a major buyer of U.S. soybeans, has halted purchases, leaving American farmers facing an uncertain harvest season.

!
Unverified

Approximately 30% of respondents in the Chicago and Kansas City Fed districts reported lower repayment rates compared to a year ago; the Minneapolis Fed region's share was around 40%, and the St. Louis Fed's was 50%.

!
Unverified

The Trump administration is considering a bailout package ranging from $10 billion to $14 billion to support affected farmers.

!
Unverified

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced that details of the financial support would be unveiled next week.

!
Unverified

The recent federal government shutdown, which began at midnight on October 1, 2025, has suspended payments and loan services to farmers, compounding their economic difficulties.

✓
Confirmed

The American Soybean Association expressed concern over the financial stress faced by soybean farmers, noting that prices continue to drop while input and equipment costs rise.

继续阅读——免费

创建免费账户以关注新闻。无需银行卡。