Reflect Orbital tests nighttime illumination prototype in California desert
Space startup Reflect Orbital conducted an unannounced test of a mirror satellite concept by lighting a desert mountainside, prompting criticism from astronomers and environmental groups.
Reflect Orbital, a space startup developing a "sunlight-as-a-service" system, carried out a field test in the California desert earlier this month, using powerful spotlights to simulate the effect of future mirror satellites that would reflect sunlight onto Earth at night. The illumination, captured in a promotional photograph, created a bright orb near Lone Pine that exceeded the brightness of a full Moon and cast long shadows across the terrain.
The test was conducted without prior notification to local astronomers or county officials, raising concerns about procedural compliance and potential impacts on night-sky observations. Astronomers, including Princeton University astrophysicist Gaspar Bakos, warned that such beams could interfere with ground-based astronomy and pose eye-safety risks for amateur observers. A study co-authored by Bakos indicated that the reflected light could extend more than 18 miles beyond the intended target area.
Reflect Orbital argues that controllable, dimmable beams could support solar power generation, search-and-rescue operations, and disaster response. However, critics note possible adverse effects on nocturnal wildlife and broader ecological rhythms. Environmental law attorney Jan Hasselman described the project as “idiotic” and highlighted unresolved questions about its environmental impact. Climate scientist David Ho warned that redirecting sunlight toward Earth could exacerbate warming, contrasting with other proposals that aim to reflect solar energy away from the planet.
The company plans to launch additional test satellites from India, a move observers say may be intended to avoid U.S. regulatory oversight. The episode underscores ongoing debates over jurisdiction and stewardship of the night sky.