Louisiana health department alerts public to rise in Vibrio vulnificus infections

Louisiana's health department reported nine cases of Vibrio vulnificus infections this year, all requiring hospitalization and five resulting in death, a notable increase over the decade-average of seven cases and one fatality. The bacterium, which thrives in warm, brackish Gulf waters, typically causes illness from May through October.

"Seek medical care immediately if a wound exposed to brackish or salt water becomes red, swollen, painful, warm or discolored," the department advised, adding that patients should inform providers about any water exposure.

The pathogen can enter the body through cuts, scrapes, recent piercings, tattoos or surgical sites, as well as through consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish such as oysters. Health officials recommend washing any skin injuries thoroughly with soap and running water after contact with coastal water or raw seafood, and seeking medical attention if symptoms like fever, chills or rapidly darkening skin appear.

Older adults, individuals with weakened immune systems, liver disease, diabetes or other chronic conditions are at higher risk of severe outcomes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that up to 20% of Vibrio vulnificus infections are fatal, a rate higher than other Vibrio strains. Climate-related warming of Gulf waters is believed to be expanding the bacterium's range northward.

The department also urges people handling raw shellfish to wash hands with soap and water and, for those with compromised immunity, to wear protective gloves while preparing seafood.