Deadly Police Operation Targets Comando Vermelho in Rio de Janeiro

On October 28, 2025, a significant police operation in Rio de Janeiro's Penha and Alemão favelas led to at least 64 fatalities, including four police officers. The operation, involving approximately 2,500 security personnel, aimed to execute 250 arrest and search warrants targeting the Comando Vermelho (Red Command), one of Brazil's largest criminal organizations.

Authorities reported that 18 of the deceased were suspected drug traffickers, and 56 individuals were arrested. Governor Cláudio Castro emphasized the state's commitment to combating "narcoterrorism."

The operation occurred shortly before Rio is set to host key events leading up to the COP30 United Nations climate summit, including the C40 summit of global mayors and the Earthshot Prize event. Large-scale security actions are common in Rio ahead of international events.

During the operation, intense confrontations erupted, with criminals reportedly using drones to launch explosives at police forces. This marks one of the deadliest police operations in the state's history, surpassing previous incidents in terms of casualties.

The Comando Vermelho, established in the 1980s, has evolved into a major transnational drug trafficking organization. The group's influence extends beyond Rio, with operations reported in other parts of Brazil and neighboring countries.

The operation led to significant disruptions in the city, including road blockades and the suspension of educational activities in affected areas. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights expressed being "horrified" by the scale of the operation and its resulting casualties.