Deep-Earth Hot Structures Influence Earth's Magnetic Field

Scientists from the University of Liverpool and the University of Leeds have discovered two immense, ultra-hot rock structures located at the base of Earth's mantle, approximately 2,900 kilometers beneath Africa and the Pacific Ocean. These structures, surrounded by cooler rock, have been influencing Earth's magnetic field for millions of years.

The research team combined palaeomagnetic observations with advanced computer simulations of the geodynamo—the flow of liquid iron in the outer core that generates Earth's magnetic field. Their findings revealed that the outer core's upper boundary exhibits strong thermal contrasts, with localized hot regions beneath these massive rock structures.

Professor Andy Biggin of the University of Liverpool stated, "These findings suggest that there are strong temperature contrasts in the rocky mantle just above the core and that, beneath the hotter regions, the liquid iron in the core may stagnate rather than participate in the vigorous flow seen beneath the cooler regions."

The study, published in Nature Geoscience, provides new insights into the dynamic evolution of Earth's deep interior and its impact on the planet's magnetic field over geological timescales.