Yemen's Southern Separatists Declare Constitution for Independent State

On January 2, 2026, the Southern Transitional Council (STC) announced a constitution for an independent southern state named the "State of South Arabia," encompassing the territory of the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. STC leader Aidarous al-Zubaid stated that the constitution would be in effect for two years, after which a referendum would be held on "exercising the right to self-determination for the people of the South."

This development follows the STC's recent seizure of two southern provinces and the Presidential Palace in Aden, leading members of the internationally recognized government to flee to Riyadh. In response, Saudi warplanes conducted airstrikes on STC positions in Hadramout province as Saudi-backed forces attempted to reclaim the facilities.

The United Arab Emirates, which backs the STC, announced a complete withdrawal of its troops from Yemen, emphasizing a commitment to de-escalation and regional stability. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia accused the STC of obstructing diplomatic efforts and rejected their occupation of southern governorates. These developments indicate a growing rift within the Saudi-led coalition, potentially exacerbating instability in Yemen.