Madagascar's Military Seizes Power Amid Youth-Led Protests

Madagascar's elite military unit, CAPSAT, has assumed control of the nation following weeks of youth-led protests against President Andry Rajoelina's administration. The unrest, sparked by chronic power outages and water shortages, escalated into widespread demonstrations addressing broader issues of poverty and government corruption.

On October 14, 2025, the national assembly voted to impeach President Rajoelina, who subsequently fled the country. Col. Michael Randrianirina of CAPSAT announced the military's takeover, stating plans to establish a transitional council that will appoint a civilian government. He assured that elections would be held within 18 months to two years.

The protests, primarily driven by the youth movement "Gen Z Madagascar," began on September 25, 2025, in response to deteriorating living conditions and perceived governmental mismanagement. The demonstrations gained momentum as various groups, including labor unions and civic organizations, joined the cause.

The United Nations reported at least 22 fatalities resulting from clashes between protesters and security forces during the unrest.

President Rajoelina, who first came to power in a 2009 coup and was re-elected in 2019, condemned the military's actions as illegal. Prior to his departure, he attempted to dissolve the national assembly in an effort to retain control, but lawmakers proceeded with the impeachment process.

The international community has expressed concern over the developments. France, Madagascar's former colonial power, emphasized the need for constitutional order and human rights, while the African Union called for restraint and dialogue between the military and civilian leaders.

As Madagascar navigates this political transition, the military's commitment to a civilian-led government and the timeline for elections will be closely monitored both domestically and internationally.