Fiji Declares National HIV Emergency Amid Rising Infections

Fiji's Ministry of Health and Medical Services announced a national HIV emergency on Tuesday, citing a rise in prevalence to roughly one in 60 adults, up from one in 167 five years earlier. The ministry said the surge, including 2,016 new diagnoses in 2025—16 times the 2019 figure—requires an "outbreak-level" response rather than routine measures.

Health Minister Ratu Antonio Lalabalavu said the declaration reflects the seriousness of the epidemic and the need for a coordinated national effort. He noted that expanded testing has identified more cases and that the increase partly reflects higher detection rates.

The government provides free on-site HIV testing, preventive medication for high-risk groups, sterile needles for people who inject drugs, and free treatment for all diagnosed individuals. UNAIDS welcomed Fiji's move, with executive director Winnie Byanyima stating the country is confronting one of the sharpest rises in new infections globally and underscoring the need for ready health and community systems.

According to UNAIDS, over half of known transmissions are sexual, while 42% involve injecting drug use. The U.S. Embassy in Suva was briefed on the situation and indicated it would explore technical assistance to strengthen Fiji's laboratory capacity, disease surveillance, and outbreak preparedness.