Deep Mantle Structures Influence Earth's Magnetic Field
Research reveals that two massive, ultrahot rock formations at the base of Earth's mantle have been affecting the planet's magnetic field for millions of years.
Recent research led by Professor Andy Biggin from the University of Liverpool has identified two immense, ultrahot rock structures located approximately 2,900 kilometers beneath Africa and the Pacific. These formations have been influencing Earth's magnetic field for millions of years.
The study combined paleomagnetic observations with advanced computer simulations of the geodynamo—the flow of liquid iron in the outer core responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field. These simulations reconstructed the magnetic field's behavior over the past 265 million years, revealing significant thermal contrasts at the outer core's upper boundary. Localized hot regions, capped by these continent-sized rock structures, were identified.
Findings indicate that beneath hotter regions, the liquid iron in the core may stagnate, contrasting with the vigorous flow beneath cooler areas. Professor Biggin noted that these insights enhance understanding of the deep Earth's dynamic evolution and its stable properties. The research also has implications for ancient continental configurations, such as the formation and breakup of Pangea, and may help resolve uncertainties in ancient climate, paleobiology, and natural resource formation.
The study was published in the journal Nature Geoscience.